LipStaT: The Lip Stabilization Technique- Indications and Guidelines for Case Selection and Classification of Excessive Gingival Display
Abstract
Excessive gingival display (EGD) is an esthetic concern affecting a substantial portion of the population. Identification, diagnosis, and classification of all factors resulting in EGD are imperative for its appropriate management. While many authors have described these factors individually, the authors of the current study propose a simple classification, which includes major etiologies of EGD. Where EGD is associated with maxillary lip hypermobility, a proposal of a subclass 1-3 is offered. A "decision-making tree" to help guide clinicians in managing EGD is included. A detailed description of the lip stabilization technique (LipStaT), including indications, surgical guidelines, postsurgical management, and clinical cases with long-term follow-up, is presented.